Dysfunctional trading algorithms

The algorithms that dictate the trading in the marketplace (there are very few human beings intraday that are actually trading stock anymore) are causing very weird gyrations.

In the case of Yellow Pages (TSX: Y) (yes, if you didn’t get stopped out of this company, you will be making money after this CoronaPanic is over with), it went from $8 to $9.20 with a trigger of about a thousand shares.

This can only be described as dysfunctional algorithmic trading – some machine that was ordered to accumulate at any cost, and little in the way of supply between $8 to $9.20. After that was hit, another algorithm somewhere else was activated that employed some sort of “regression to the mean”, or perhaps Yellow then became the desired choice for a liquidation, or who knows.

But either way, you can take advantage of these dysfunctional algorithms by paying attention – selling when the buying is “stupid”, and buying when the selling is “stupid”.

With thinly traded stocks, always keep in mind that trade prices are done at the margins. Trades that are forced always create the most potential for price dislocation, especially for thinner traded securities.

CoronaPanic, edition 5 – random thoughts

Alpha Pro Tech (APT on the NYSE), my proxy for the CoronaPanic, is up 3%, while the S&P 500 is up 3.5% compared to yesterday’s slaughter.

My guess is that this is, with respect to the markets, 80%-90% over, but noting the actual spread counts in the USA/Canada are probably 20% done. Please note I’ve been badly wrong on my timing during this whole panic so take any predictions with a grain of salt, and they change with incoming information. There will be serious damage in terms of supply chains, and GDP to tourism and public-crowd related events (the cruise ship industry is toast, and anything relying on a shopping mall or foot traffic for discretionary consumer sales, e.g. clothing retailers, is in big, big trouble – thinking about TLRD here). On the flip side, Dollarama (TSX: DOL) is a great place to buy cheap panic supplies!

Companies that are close to debt covenants will likely tip over and when the banks come calling, it will not be pretty, but just for them and the financials. Certain corporate debt issuers look very interesting, spreads are hugely wide.

The infected accumulation curve will increase quite rapidly in the USA, and Canada. That said, the new phraseology of “social distancing” will stick and people will discover new-found time at home.

China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, and even places that you don’t ordinarily associate with public cleanliness (Thailand, Malaysia) have it under control. Even if you don’t believe the stats coming out of China (which you shouldn’t, ever), the other countries do have reporting mechanisms that are relatively more trustable. In particular, SARS taught anybody coming out of Hong Kong about how to react and behave. This culture will come to North America and in the longer run, will improve our society.

Nobody seems to be talking about climate change anymore. I wonder why!

The media will hype this up to the point of being one of those “outbreak” movies, with the reality being somewhat more muted, which is:
* around 80% of the people that catch Covid-19 don’t get any symptoms at all
* those that are seriously affected or die from it are older (65+) people prone to other conditions (heart, lung)

The governments are in a ‘stuck’ position, mainly if they panic too much, they look stupid, while if they don’t panic enough, they will be accused of not panicking enough. They’re stuck in a rock and a hard place, but the Government of British Columbia has struck a very nice balance between these two.

There might even be a cultural change where telecommuting may be even more acceptable than it is at present. This has been going on at a snail’s pace, but Coronavirus will accelerate it. Will office REITs be killed?

Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Hulu will receive record subscriptions; internet providers are going to deliver record amount of bandwidth.

There will be a considerable element of demand destruction in North America over the next month, but after that, things should normalize. Fundamentally, life continues, and pension funds need to make their returns. The character of the returns, however, will be somewhat different because interest rates are once again at the zero boundary. There will be a drive to TINA – There is No Alternative, which means that the drive for yield will be very alluring. You can’t invest in bonds (zero return, or you’ll probably get a 2-3% spread on BBB-A type issuers), so equity will be the only game in town (once again).

Gold, the last safe haven, people are still discovering like preferred shares and bonds, that it is not immune – right now gold is being sold to raise cash to buy other “risk-on” assets, but once the Federal Reserve and other central banks polish off their 2008 game plans and re-execute it, the currency depreciation should flow into commodities in a dramatic fashion – this will include gold to a degree.

Another question is what happens with inflation. Right now with the demand destruction and possible collapse of debts by companies that were already teetering on the brink – this will likely cause a drop in CPI. But I’m wondering about the rebound effect – once that has all been dealt with over the next 12 months, will there be a shortage of goods/services available relative to the money supply? Will we be seeing a huge rebound in consumer costs circa 2021-2022? Just a thought.

Finally, the US and Canadian governments are going to blow deficits like you’ve never seen before. I’m expecting Canada to announce a $60 billion dollar deficit for the upcoming fiscal year. The US will probably blow a couple trillion dollars. They can do so, and have the financial capacity (interest rates are at zero, after all).

Where does all of this fiscal stimulus go? In an idea world, public infrastructure – stuff that will be actually useful and consume domestic goods and services. The question is whether it actually does so or not. But the underlying point here is that companies that have relatively large amounts of revenues from government sources – they will likely do well. Engineering firms, defense, etc.

In particular I’ll disclose a holding in BWX Technologies (BWXT on the NYSE) which specializes in nuclear engineering in defence and civilian fields. This position was acquired within the last week. While it has not been taken down nearly as much as most of the rest of the stock market, I am pretty sure this company will be higher in a year.

I have also taken a long position on the S&P 500 futures at the close of March 12, 2020, which was at 2475. Equity liquidity will reign, and nothing will be receiving liquidity more than the Apples, Microsofts, Amazons, etc., of the US universe. My price target is 3100. This is in absence of having conviction on anything other than a few select names of reasonably credible companies (e.g. BWXT) that I’ve done a ton of due diligence on prior to this crash.

Companies that can collect cash and nowhere close to any credit covenants/maturities are critical variables at this point.

Volatility spike

TSX down 12%, S&P down 9.5%, and VIX reached 75 today, holy crap:

This is not predictive, but it is at the level that was experienced during the 2008-2009 financial crisis:

Again, VIX is not predictive, but suffice to say this is one of those “six sigma” events that are supposed to happen once in a million years, but instead takes 12 years apart to realize. Who knows, it might head to 100.

Just as a reminder, VIX is a measurement of what traders expect is the annualized implied volatility of the S&P 500 over an average of 30 days. The word “volatility” in everyday language implies down, but mathematically it implies movement in either direction.

The new market paradigm

Longer term interest rates have gone to nearly zero.

I won’t quote the yield curve but suffice to say at the March 17-18 Federal Reserve meeting, they will drop the federal funds rate another half point to a target of 0.50% to 0.75%, or perhaps even to 0.25% to 0.5%.

Either way, this is close enough to zero.

After the 2009 economic crisis the yield curve more or less did the same thing (except yields were slightly higher). The name of the game was the following: Anything with a yield is an eligible investment. Anything without a yield is trash.

The trick, as always, is to ensure that the companies that you’re investing in have the organic cash generation capability to give out those yields.

Those that can buy sustainable yield will do well. Those companies that don’t give out yield will probably trade at a discount to those that do, except for those that are of speculative value (the Teslas and the like).

Finally, using my “Coronaproxy” stock, Alpha Pro Tech (NYSE: APT), it looks like the hysteria is dissipating. Be warned that I’ve been so wrong on the psychological impact that this flu has had on society that I don’t blame the readers of this site for using me as a contrary indicator.

Coronapanic Update 3

We’re not even close to the panic “Federal Reserve is going to strangle the economy with rising interest rates coupled with end of year tax loss selling” bottom of 2018:

The flu, which tends to kill an estimated 100 to 200 Americans a day, depending on the year, is now the trigger to a market panic.

Perhaps Coronavirus is the excuse for what was a stretched market – although its real-world effects is probably in-line with past happenings, the psychological effects have spiraled into something that is now turning into real-world effects that will take the better part of a year to digest.

People are staying home, events are being cancelled, there’s mass panic at Costco for toilet paper (rationally speaking, toilet paper is quite a bit down on the list of things you’d want if the world is going to end), and travel plans are being suspended. In China/Hong Kong, kids are staying home and not going to school, and needless to say, this is going to have an impact on consumption. It’s got recession written all over it.

There’s been an obvious rush for liquidity, and the next ripples to emerge will probably be in the corporate debt markets as covenants get breached due to shortfalls in revenues/EBITDA amounts.

I’d be really cautious about companies that have credit lines that have covenants that were close to being reached in the last quarter.

Likewise, companies that are requiring rollovers of debt will be facing a very uncomfortable situation.

I recall the 2008 days when companies like Sprint Corporation and other reputable corporations had their long-term debt trading at 20-25% yields to maturity. Will we get to that point?