SARS-CoV-2 / New mutation / Thoughts

Please read my December 21, 2020 post, Mutant SARS-CoV-2 Viruses, Perceived Risk, Actual Risk, which has aged reasonably well since its publication. The only factor I continue to under-estimate at all instances is the notion of “back to normal”, which from the onset of the Diamond Princess I have been consistently wrong with.

I have very consciously been trying to avoid any political discussions of COVID-19 on this site, except when things interfere with the financial markets.

For the most part, the “known unknowns” have been well priced into equities.

However, we might have a game-changer that will require some re-thinking.

Insert today’s scare headline, the B.1.1.529 variant:

The issue here is regarding the psychology of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccinations.

Most people believe they work. Indeed, because of this popular support, governments have been able to coerce those that do not into taking them.

The issue is that just like influenza and HIV, you might be able to take something to address the clinical symptoms (which the existing vaccinations have done) versus dealing with the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Without preventing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, vaccinations to mask clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are a delaying tactic at best.

The best analogy I can make here is the advent of computer viruses and anti-virus software. Initially there were programs (McAfee and Norton Anti-virus) that you ran in MS-DOS to search executables for specific code snippets (containing viruses). They worked initially (sometimes producing false positives), and you had to get updates to tell the program the new code snippets of new viruses that were coded and spread around. However, technology advanced (such as auto-modifying code) and conventional anti-virus software is practically useless as a form of computer security (it is beyond the scope of this post to discuss this fascinating matter). Anti-virus software continues to be sold today and all it serves is to slow down the computer system and provide a false sense of protection.

Likewise in the biological world, mutations are rapidly rendering COVID-19 “anti-virus software” (vaccinations) obsolete. You might be able to protect against the “old school” strains, but for the new software versions (variants), you have much less protection.

This is the result of having a population monolithically vaccinated with the same anti-virus software. It doesn’t take much of a code modification to work around it.

What isn’t discussed about the B.1.1.529 variant is whether the severity profile is more or less severe than Delta. This remains to be seen.

Unlike computer viruses, which are engineered to have a specific impact, biological viruses are positively selected for transmissibility, and not for clinical severity. Indeed, too severe clinical symptoms would work against transmissibility, just as it did for SARS-CoV-1.

The changing psychology will be increasing public awareness that the existing COVID-19 vaccinations do a minimal job of protecting against transmission. They were fighting yesterday’s battle. It will be sold to the public as a necessary “first step” to fighting COVID-19, with much more to go, even though it is pretty evident the “vaccinate everybody” strategy that was taken has proven to be incorrect. The correct strategy was to vaccinate those that are at high risk, but now that mostly everybody is vaccinated, there is going to be a new strain that will dominate and this might be B.1.1.529. The question at this point is whether this new variant exhibits increased severity of clinical symptoms.

In the past my ability to predict public reaction to SARS-CoV-2 has been terrible. If B.1.1.529 picks up, from historical reaction over the previous 18 months, the cultural of zero risk will force more sanctions, “to prevent the spread”.

Governments always want to be seen doing something, even if their actions have no effect on the outcome (e.g. outdoor mask mandates).

They will also never admit that their past strategies have been terrible to preserve whatever credibility they have remaining to implement new measures.

My guess at present is that the Covid-sensitive sectors which got hit from March to June of 2020 will probably face another dial-back. Until I see how B.1.1.529 evolves, I’ll reserve judgement on timing.

Turkey – Turkish Lira – How to live in a country with a collapsing currency

Lots of headlines are being made about Turkey and its currency, the Turkish Lira:

(The chart with the Turkish Lira to US dollar is very similar).

(Wikipedia Article on the matter)

Turkey’s GDP is about half of Canada’s (i.e. not an insignificant economy).

A lot of the cause of the currency depreciation appears to be the leveraged borrowings in foreign currency by domestic companies coupled with the domestic government wanting to keep interest rates lower than the prevailing market rate.

As a result, the purchasing power of the domestic currency has declined significantly. Even the basic math of accounting changes when dealing with a rapidly inflating currency. Just imagine marking up all of that foreign debt on each quarterly financial statement – normally the foreign currency translation adjustment component of equity on the balance sheet is some small fraction of the overall picture, but in this case, comprehensive earnings becomes a very important figure to watch – your business might be making 500 units of profit, but if foreign currency liabilities increase by 5,000 units of domestic currency, you’re toast!

Since Turkish inflationary headlines have reached the mainstream, chances are there is some actionable ideas, but I am not enough of a macroeconomic professional to truly figure out where things are headed.

On the domestic side of things, Turkish stocks have been a better store of value than pure Lira:

The preceding chart is the iShares MSCI Turkey ETF, the only broad-based Turkey ETF I could find. It is denominated in US Dollars.

Despite the Lira depreciating 75% over the past five years to the US Dollar, the ETF has “only” lost about 25% of its value denominated in US Currency.

Obviously, when the companies that constitute the index have heavy amounts of foreign currency debt, the equity will be taking a considerable hit as companies try to service these debts with domestic cash flows. However, with the currency depreciating at the rate it does, it amounts to an effective interest rate on foreign debt that is very high. One possible conclusion is that there will be a foreign debt default with a subsequent recapitalization and/or nationalization of various strategic entities as I very much doubt the Turkish government wants its major companies to be foreign controlled.

The stock market is thus not a very good retreat if you are forced to live with a currency in a very inflationary environment. This has also shown to be true in other jurisdictions – initially the stock market makes huge gains (everybody is looking for a shelter for depreciating currency), but later the economic damages caused by high inflation rates eventually kills returns on the whole spectrum of the capital structure.

Indeed, there is a huge incentive to leverage at low interest rates (these debts would be repaid in much less real value) and purchase different assets, ideally liquid ones.

Holding USD itself (or Euro) would be a liquid store of value. A physical gold investor over the past 5 years not only would have made a 50% return in nominal US dollars, but the gains would be much, much higher in Turkish Lira. Having a mechanism of storing crude oil would also be a liquid store of value. There are plenty of options, some feasible, some not.

Here in Canada, if companies issue debt in non-Canadian dollar currency, it is most likely to be in US Dollars. Since most of our trade is linked to the USA (we are functionally joined at the hip with them) it is unlikely that we will face the same mechanism of currency decline as Turkey. If our export market starts to evaporate (e.g. we shut down our fossil fuel and automobile industries in the name of climate change) we will be in serious trouble.

The 2021 tax loss selling screen… or the “bottom 50” of the TSX

Posted below are 50 companies with a market cap over $50 million (i.e. weeding out those that actually went completely bust during the year) that have the worst year-to-date stock performances from 2021. I also include a short one-liner description of these companies and/or quick thoughts. This is as of closing prices on November 12, 2021.

Themes / Notes:
The “top 50” lost 72% to 36% of their market value during the year;
Gold mining or shiny metal companies (whether they actually are operating or theoretical) populate 20 of 50 of these;
Bio/pharma (or medical instrumentation) companies were 8 of 50;
Cannabis and related are 7 of 50;
Hydrogen or “clean energy” are 4 of 50.

When looking at these 50, there were none of them that passed my own personal screens for being worthy of a watchlist placement. Your mileage might vary. There is no “best of the worst” here, I really don’t like this year’s crop of tax loss candidates, at least the top 50.

Late Night Finance with Sacha – Episode 17

Date: Tuesday, November 16, 2021
Time: 7:00pm, Pacific Time
Duration: Projected 60 minutes.
Where: Zoom (Registration)

Frequently Asked Questions:

Q: What are you doing?
A: Reviewing some interesting quarterly results from various companies of interest. Also in a year when the S&P 500 and TSX are up nearly 25%, what possibly will get dumped out there for tax-loss harvesting, if anything? Finally, some other political-macroeconomic thoughts (the big picture is starting to clear up, at least to me). There should be a few minutes left for Q&A, so please feel free to ask them on the zoom registration if any.

Q: How do I register?
A: Zoom link is here. I’ll need your city/province or state and country, and if you have any questions in advance just add it to the “Questions and Comments” part of the form. You’ll instantly receive the login to the Zoom channel.

Q: Are you trying to spam me, try to sell me garbage, etc. if I register?
A: If you register for this, I will not harvest your email or send you any solicitations. Also I am not using this to pump and dump any securities to you, although I will certainly offer opinions on what I see.

Q: Why do I have to register? I just want to be anonymous.
A: I’m curious who you are as well.

Q: If I register and don’t show up, will you be mad at me?
A: No.

Q: Will you (Sacha) be on video (i.e. this isn’t just an audio-only stream)?
A: Yes. You’ll get to see me, but the majority will be on “screen share” mode with MS-Word / Browser / PDFs as I explain what’s going on in my mind as I present.

Q: Will I need to be on video?
A: I’d prefer it, and you are more than welcome to be in your pajamas. No judgements!

Q: Can I be a silent participant?
A: Yes. I might pick on some of you though. Bonus points if you can get your cat on camera.

Q: Is there an archive of the video I can watch later if I can’t make it?
A: No.

Q: Will there be a summary of the video?
A: A short summary will get added to the comments of this posting after the video.

Q: Will there be some other video presentation in the future?
A: Most likely, yes.

The chart that screams deflation

If we’re going through a period of mass inflation, then how come the 30-year treasury bond (at least the American one) is at 182 basis points yield?

The “long term” Canada government bond yield is sitting at around 198bps on November 8, 2021.

Even though short-term rates are projected to rise in 2022, you do not see this in the long-term bond yields.

A flattening yield curve does not bode well for the overall state of the economy.

There will be a day when simply holding cash will beat all the other asset classes. I don’t know exactly when that will be (indeed, anybody holding a good chunk of cash over the past 18 months, scared by Covid-19, will have made a catastrophically bad decision) but when it happens it will be swift and surprising to many.

In the meantime, the party continues.