Canadian interest rate futures

There are three Bank of Canada announcements concerning interest rates for the rest of the year: September 6, October 25 and December 6.

Right now 3-month Banker’s Acceptance rates are 1.2%.

The BAX futures are signalling that there is a better than 50/50 chance that rates will increase 0.25% in the September 6 cycle, and that there is a slight chance of two 0.25% rate increases by the end of the year:

Month Bid price Ask price Settl. price Net change Open int. Vol.
Open interest: 942,178 Volume: 86,058
August 2017 0 0 98.765 0 0 0
September 2017 98.655 98.660 98.645 0.010 137,868 7,160
October 2017 0 0 98.615 0 0 0
December 2017 98.500 98.505 98.490 0.010 224,303 15,544
March 2018 98.395 98.400 98.375 0.020 163,606 19,552
June 2018 98.330 98.335 98.305 0.025 112,558 15,558
September 2018 98.270 98.280 98.250 0.030 120,395 10,055
December 2018 98.210 98.220 98.200 0.020 102,302 9,439
March 2019 98.160 98.170 98.140 0.020 45,030 5,208
June 2019 98.090 98.100 98.080 0.020 17,655 1,763
September 2019 98.010 98.030 98.010 0.010 10,774 827
December 2019 97.940 97.960 97.940 0.010 5,193 646
March 2020 97.860 97.870 97.870 0 2,199 198
June 2020 97.780 97.800 97.800 -0.010 295 108

Guessing the impact of these short-term interest rate changes I will leave as an exercise to the reader for now. The one salient fact, however, is that when short-term financing rates increase, the incentive to leveraging decreases and so marginal investments will be less viable. Parking cash in a rising-rate environment is best done with cash rather than using any debt instruments with duration (I wish I had stuck to this – my cash parked in VSB.TO has decidedly unperformed zero-yield cash!).

Teekay / Teekay Offshore / Brookfield financing

Brookfield Business Partners (TSX: BBU.UN) announced a $750 million investment (Brookfield’s release) (Teekay’s release) in Teekay Offshore (NYSE: TOO).

I’ve written extensively about Teekay Offshore and thought they would cut their distributions to zero and likely cutting their preferred unit distributions because of impending financing issues. This prediction turned out to be mostly incorrect – they are cutting their common unit distribution to 1 penny per quarter (down from 11 cents), and maintaining their preferred distributions.

In general, my expectations for the outcome for this pending recapitalization transaction have been worse than what materialized.

Not surprisingly, Offshore’s preferred units are trading considerably higher in the markets – up about 28%.

Teekay (parent) unsecured debt traded up to 98.5 cents on the dollar today – I am happy regarding this transaction – it is likely to mature at par (January 2020) or earlier via a call option. Offshore debt holders have even more reason to be happy – theirs are up from 82 cents to 97 cents, with a 7% yield to maturity. (On a side note, I notice somebody was asleep at the switch at 5:00am today – there was a $100k bond trade for 90.8 cents on TK unsecured, which was a steal for the buy-side – NEVER leave those GTC orders out in the open unless if you’re willing to scan the news before the market opens!).

Summary thoughts (apologies in advance for this not being in a more professional manner, I am not writing from my usual location):

The first chart is from their today’s presentation, while the second chart was from an early 2016 presentation. Compare the two:

1. With this equity injection, Offshore buys itself a couple years of time (which is what they desperately needed) – however, their debt leverage goes from “very high” to “above average” – slide 9 is considerably above what they were anticipating in their 2016 slide when they initially recognized the pending financial crisis. Pay attention to the Y-Axis of those charts!
2. Teekay dumps its $200 million loan to Brookfield for $140 million cash and 11 million warrants in Offshore;
3. It’s not entirely clear what the terms of these warrants are, or how Brookfield picks up 51% control of the GP (they get 49% of it right now);
4. Offshore’s financial metrics (cash flows through vessel operations) should start to improve, but I suspect there will be upcoming challenges as long as the oil price environment is not supportive (thinking counterparty risk, potential future contract renewals, pricing pressure, etc. – examining Diamond Offshore, TransOcean, etc., although not strictly in the same market as TOO, leads one to believe that the present environment is also not favorable to maintenance offshore oil production expenditures);
5. Teekay also liquidated their preferred unit holding in Offshore, and this is functionally a sell-off to Brookfield.
6. The creation of a “ShuttleCo” subsidiary of Offshore will create some more financial complexity in the operation – they probably want to spin this out for valuation and/or leverage purposes (as this division apparently is doing reasonably well).
7. Offshore’s operational challenges and risks are still not going away with this equity injection, but Teekay has more or less divested as much as they could from them.
8. Teekay also get relieved of guarantees from Offshore, which will improve its financial position dramatically in the event of insolvency (this is huge for Teekay unsecured debt holders). Teekay is functionally at this point a play on their LNG daughter entity, while having some minority economic participation in offshore.
9. Teekay’s cash flows through Offshore will obviously be curtailed significantly, they have their own vessel operations which are cash neutral, so they will be solely reliant on either equity distributions of Offshore (if they decide to fully liquidate) or LNG’s distributions.

If I was an investor in the preferred shares or debt of Offshore, I’d be taking gains right now and going elsewhere.

I remain long TK unsecured debt and do not have any intentions to sell – I took a full position back in them last year. I’m not keen on any of the equity.

Worst-performing portfolio components

The biggest hits my portfolio has taken this year has been with the appreciation of the Canadian dollar and the cash-parking vehicle of VSB.TO. Sadly (not including monthly distributions, which is about 5 cents a month) they’re down about 40 cents over the past couple months, due to the short-term rate curve rising considerably.

I take solace knowing that the increased Canadian dollar gives me larger purchasing power parity and the increase in interest rates in theory should make credit-sensitive assets cheaper to purchase.

KCG, it was good knowing you (Eulogy)

The merger closed yesterday and I received proceeds from the equity and debt today.

The equity I had purchases between $9-11/share. My first stake in the company was back in Q4-2012!

From my debt purchase at 90.5 at the end of June 2016 to 13 months later, resulted in a capital gain of 13.1% plus the 7.6% current yield, made for a 20.7% CAGR investment on a senior secured debt, first in line, on a cash flow positive entity. I’ll miss you.

The perils of indexing

Horizon Kinetics has been writing about the flaws of passive index investing, and their latest quarterly report hits the nail on the head.

It reminds me of when Nortel was at one point 40% of the TSX60 index.

A solid investment screen begins with discarding the top 3 quartiles of the S&P 500 or Nasdaq 100 – or anything ascending. Due to the passive mechanism of re-balancing, stocks that gain capitalization have a momentum effect because of their higher weighting.