TSX Exchange-traded debt review

I have made some corrections to my initial TSX Exchange-traded debt spreadsheet. So far, this is turning out to be a great replacement for the old one that used to be at the old Financial Post website before it got taken down.

In terms of valuations, none of them appear to be errantly priced where I am tempted to dive in. The ones trading well under par are either visibly insolvent or marijuana companies. In either instance, purchasers of the debentures are likely to lose capital. The best of the worst of them appear to be DHX Media (TSX: DHX.DB) and Just Energy (TSX: JE.DB.C/D) but both of these businesses have issues which make the double-digit YTM warranted.

If your goal with these instruments is to make a relatively easy 5%, however, there are plenty of quality selections to be made, although I’d make the argument that for a non-tax sheltered account you would be much better off with preferred shares.

Mid-tier Canadian oil on the ropes

A couple pieces of evidence to indicate the malaise in the Canadian oil sector.

First one was Pengrowth (TSX: PGF), who announced:

The Company’s $330 million Credit Facility (all amounts in Canadian dollars) is provided by a broad syndicate of domestic and international banks and had a scheduled maturity of September 30, 2019. The lenders have agreed to provide the Company with a 31 day extension of the maturity date under the Credit Facility to October 31, 2019 with a maximum facility draw of $180 million under the Credit Facility and a $5 million Excess Cash provision.

Holders of the Secured Notes have agreed to the extension of the Credit Facility and to a 31 day extension of the maturity date under the October Notes to November 18, 2019.

The Company will continue to operate its free cash flow positive business as usual. This short-term extension will allow the Company to continue to advance discussions with its lenders and noteholders with the objective of completing a long-term extension transaction. The mutual goal of Pengrowth and its senior debtholders is to negotiate a three year extension that allows the Company the flexibility to reduce its outstanding debt with the benefit of additional time and improved market conditions.

The Company believes it has made significant progress with its lenders and noteholders on a number of key areas in respect of the potential extension transaction, but there remain ongoing detailed discussions which require additional time. A transaction may result in dilution of the outstanding common shares of the Company (with an associated impact on the value of such shares) as part of any consideration provided to affected lenders and noteholders. There can be no assurance or guarantee that a long-term extension transaction will be agreed to or on what terms.

Pengrowth has CAD$57 million (denominated in foreign currency) in secured debt that is due on October 18, 2019 which has been extended a month as a result of the above release. They also have significant debt in 2020 and 2022, and also a line of credit which was set to expire on September 30, 2019. Current debt outstanding is $362 million, and non-current portion is $340 million.

The only way the company could pay the upcoming bond maturity is by the extension of its term facility, which of course the banks are unlikely to give without security, but the security has already been pledged to the noteholders. So this is a very sticky situation where both secured entities (noteholders and credit facility) have an incentive to pulling the pin to getting instant payment. Pengrowth also has covenants relating to the secured notes that they are likely to break imminently (even though they were relaxed in the past).

This is not likely to end very well for Pengrowth shareholders. The only wild card here is whether Seymour Schulich (who owns 159,400,000 shares of PGF or about 28.5% of the company) will be asked to put up a bunch more money to salvage his investment, which, needless to say, is seriously under water at the moment.

Second item: Bellatrix Exploration (TSX: BXE) went into CCAA today. Shareholders will probably get little out of it. While an energy company going into CCAA may not necessarily be unexpected news, the surprise here was that it took place after a recent capitalization (June 4, 2019). However, it is pretty clear in retrospect that the replacement of 4 of the 7 directors resulted in them changing gears and instead are representing the debtholders with this action.

TSX 30: Momentum Index – Thoughts

The TSX created a new index, the TSX 30, which is formed under the basis of total return over the past three years for the top 30 companies in the TSX.

The first batch of index constituents are the following and this is an interesting list:

TSX 30: June 30, 2016 to 2019

Note the "3Yr" column is TOTAL return, dividend/distributions adjusted.
RankIssuer NameTicker3Yr
1Canopy Growth CorporationTSX:WEED1823%
2Shopify Inc.TSX:SHOP883%
3Village Farms International Inc.TSX:VFF868%
4Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd.TSX:KL605%
5Trilogy Metals Inc.TSX:TMQ503%
6Aphria Inc.TSX:APHA479%
7Air CanadaTSX:AC346%
8Neptune Wellness Solutions Inc.TSX:NEPT322%
9Ivanhoe Mines Ltd.TSX:IVN312%
10North American Construction Group Ltd.TSX:NOA304%
11Labrador Iron Ore Royalty CorporationTSX:LIF282%
12Ballard Power Systems Inc.TSX:BLDP232%
13Pollard Banknote LimitedTSX:PBL210%
14goeasy Ltd.TSX:GSY209%
15Anglo Pacific Group PLCTSX:APY185%
16North American Palladium Ltd.TSX:PDL183%
17Gran Colombia Gold Corp.TSX:GCM178%
18Resverlogix Corp.TSX:RVX174%
19Wesdome Gold Mines Ltd.TSX:WDO172%
20Cargojet Inc.TSX:CJT166%
21Theratechnologies Inc.TSX:TH161%
22Summit Industrial Income REITTSX:SMU160%
23Constellation Software Inc.TSX:CSU158%
24Tucows Inc.TSX:TC152%
25Great Canadian Gaming CorporationTSX:GC147%
26CAE Inc.TSX:CAE136%
27Park Lawn CorporationTSX:PLC131%
28TerraVest Industries Inc.TSX:TVK131%
29BRP Inc.TSX:DOO131%
30Boyd Group Income FundTSX:BYD126%

I have a few observations.

My initial gut reaction is that anybody investing in this index is nuts simply because it is a momentum index – people would be buying in and more or less facilitating the cash-out of the top players. Buying something solely on the basis of previous price appreciation is a questionable investing strategy.

Indeed, items 1, 3, 6, 7, and 8 on the table above were built on the basis of the cannabis industry (of which readers here should know I am highly skeptical of). I think most of these companies have had their hey-day and are now realizing that getting remotely close to justifying their valuation is not going to be an easy endeavour.

On second glance, the TSX 30 index is actually reasonably diversified among industries, except finance. Considering that the main TSX 60 index is dominated by finance (37% of the index at present), the lack of financials is not a terrible characteristic.

There are a few companies on this list that made me go “really?” and when looking at their stock charts they indeed were able to deliver said returns. Ivanhoe Mines? Seriously!!?? (answer: they got really lucky with the June 30, 2016 to June 30, 2019 date ranges – go take a look at their stock chart).

My other observation is: so few companies appreciated +125% in the past three years. There are a few staple companies where it is really worth buy-and-holding (Constellation Software comes to mind here, although future returns are very likely not to be nearly as good as previous ones), but is one really going to buy and hold any of the marijuana companies or Shopify from here on in? It goes as one more data point to show that being nimble in trading continues to be a key characteristic in being able to outperform – a passive investor does not see the converse index which is the “TSX negative 30”, which contains the list of non-bankrupt companies which have depreciated the most over the past three years – that in itself would be an interesting future exercise.

Black swan events – Geographical diversification

Any time a company you invest in has a significant concentration of its revenues (and/or income) derived from a single geographical source, there is always risk of this sort of thing happening:

DEDHAM, Mass., Sept. 23, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — Atlantic Power Corporation (NYSE: AT) (TSX: ATP) (“Atlantic Power” or the “Company”) disclosed today that its Cadillac biomass plant, located in Cadillac, Michigan, is currently offline following a fire at the plant on September 22, 2019. The plant’s sprinkler system activated and the fire was extinguished by the local fire department. The fire did not result in any injuries or known environmental violations.

The cause of the fire, extent of the damage, and time required to repair the facility are unknown at this time. The Company is assessing the extent of the damage to the facility and will be reviewing the incident with its insurance carriers.

Atlantic Power would like to thank all area first responders for their support during this incident.

The Company expects to provide a further update with its third quarter 2019 financial results when it has determined the extent of the damage, the schedule for the plant’s expected return to service and the financial impact.

The Company would note that Cadillac contributed $3.4 million to Project Adjusted EBITDA in the first six months of 2019, or 3% of total Project Adjusted EBITDA.

I ask myself whether this could have been picked up in advance, and the answer would have been “yes”.

On the Cadillac News website, early this morning, the following article came up:

CADILLAC — Firefighters battled a blaze at Cadillac Renewable Energy for several hours early Sunday morning.

According to a Cadillac Fire Department press release, shortly after 2 a.m. they received what was being reported as a structure fire at Cadillac Renewable Energy on Miltner Street in the industrial park.

Upon arrival, firefighters noted heavy fire conditions in a large biomass power generation facility. All employees had safely exited the building prior to fire department arrival. At the time, there were three employees on shift.

Firefighters used defensive tactics and elevated water streams to knock down the fire. Once the fire had been reduced in size and severity, conditions allowed firefighters to enter the facility and continue the extinguishment process.

After several hours, the fire was fully extinguished. Damage was primarily confined to one area of the facility, however, significant damages to that portion were noted.

No employees, civilians, or firefighters were injured.

An investigation into the origin and cause of the fire is ongoing. Additional information regarding the investigation will be provided once it becomes available.

The Cadillac Fire Department was assisted at the scene by Haring Township Fire Department, Cherry Grove Township Fire Department, North Flight EMS, Cadillac Police Department, and the Cadillac Utilities Department.

Of course, I’m not the type of person to put an alert on “Cadillac Renewable Energy” or the myriad of subsidiaries that Atlantic Power operates as on my alerts table. I don’t think most people are.

The news hit the airwaves at the first yellow triangle in the following chart:

An enterprising small scale trader could have reasonably gotten about 10,000 shares of liquidity at the bid at the 2.53-ish mark and if they were clairvoyant, could have covered a dime under and made cool thousand. Anything larger than that size and a short term news trader would have run into liquidity issues.

In terms of the actual financial damage, if the plant is out of commission permanently, a very simplistic analysis would be the removal of $6.8 million EBITDA, discounted 10% to June 2028 (when its power purchase agreement expires), or about $39 million present value, assuming EBITDA translates into all cash. That works out to 36 cents per share!

The article noted, “Damage was primarily confined to one area of the facility, however, significant damages to that portion were noted.” – this suggests that there will be a bunch of money spent on repairs and the plant will get up and going again. Insurance should also mitigate some of the damage, although it is not clear whether they just have a facilities insurance or they also have a business interruption policy which would cover the cash flow in the event of a business interruption.

However, the underlying lesson is the following: if a company you owns has one core asset that products the bulk of cash flow (I’m thinking of Gran Colombia Gold and Segovia when I write this), there is always the lingering risk of a single event causing major damage. Hence, there is some value to diversification.